India
In India, advertisements are targeted at the very large
class of consumers (several million people) who are upwardly mobile. This group
is breaking away from the traditional culture that espouses spirituality and
downplays materialism. Advertisement themes thus emphasize how desirable it is
to possess various products and how much they will contribute to the consumer's
sense of having arrived.
A commercial for Pepsi was shown in India with great success in
early 2002. It depicts a group of five Japanese-looking sumo players challenging
European football players to a match. The European team includes the likes of
David Beckham. The prize for the winner is a crate of Pepsi. The football
players are no matches for the sumo players who physically block the passage of
the ball into the goal with their girth. They also deflect the ball by slapping
it away with their chests. Their movements are funny and the manner in which
they are able to defeat the ace football players is appealing. Although the
advertisement is aimed at cosmopolitan Indians who are familiar with sumo
wrestling and Manchester United, it is well appreciated by peasants as well, who
can relate to the humour inherent in the commercial.
The Pepsi advertisement is an example of a transnational
advertisement with universal appeal. It can be released for consumption in any
culture. Some advertisements work because they have a universal theme. Others
work simply because a culture's uniqueness is saluted. Wisdom consists in
knowing what will work where. Designing and executing advertisements that
reflect a global brand equity but have local acceptance is one of the challenges
of corporate strategy.