The Score Card For
The Project Leader
The use of score cards has always been a good idea for
regular measurement. Later in the book you will see score cards for a project,
for department participation, and for consultants and contractors. Figure 3.3 contains a score card for
the project leader. You should evaluate yourself on a regular basis. Also, use
this list as a starting point. As you review the list, you can see that some of
the factors are subjective. This is by intent since project management is not a
science; rather, it deals with the world of politics and personalities.
How often should a project leader be measured? Certainly, not
just at the end of the project. If you have a year-long project, then three
measurements would be useful. This would give the opportunity to make some
changes and improvements when the project is still going on.
Managing Multiple
Projects
If the discussion of
project leadership were to stop here, this would traditionally be in line with
other books. However, international projects really benefit from gathering
lessons learned and from building project management capabilities over time.
Cumulative effect and benefits are the keys to long-term success in
international projects. Your goals for managing international projects extend
beyond a specific project and include the following:
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Make project plans more accurate and estimation better
through improved project templates. Projects are reviewed during and after the
work to improve the project templates.
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Lessons learned are gathered during and after the projects
and associated with the project templates. The lessons learned are then applied
to work in new projects, generating more experience.
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Experience in dealing with issues grows and people become
more aware of what methods work and fail in dealing with issues. The awareness
that the same issues recur again and again in international projects grows.
Some would argue that this experience is not really that relevant
since each international project is unique. Take construction. Each building
project is unique to the situation. The same is true with mergers and
acquisitions. Yet, look at the real world. The details are different each time,
but the general structure of types of projects is the same. Thus, if you were
going to deploy a new purchasing process in four countries, each country could
use the same project template, but the detailed plans would be different.
Moreover, after you finished in one country with one project, you could learn
from this effort to benefit you in the second. The same would be true for the
third and fourth. This is true even if the efforts were undertaken in parallel.
The same is true with issues and lessons learned. The same
400–500 issues have been found to recur again and again in projects. Lessons
learned gathered about dealing with cultural or political issues tend to remain
valid in different situations.
The Project Office
And The Role Of Project Coordinator
If keeping experience is a good idea, then the problem
becomes one of how best to gather, retain, and organize the information. One
method is to employ a project office. A project office is a centralized group in
an organization that is concerned with projects across the corporation—not just
the international projects. However, project offices sometimes fail because they
become too bureaucratic. They also fail because the people in the project office
are only schedulers and have not managed a real world project.
Is there another approach that can work better? Experience shows
that the use of a project coordination role is very useful. To be effective the
position of project coordinator should rotate among different organizations and
people. In this way, it will have less of a chance of becoming bureaucratic.
What is the role of project coordination?
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Analysis of multiple projects. The
project coordinator rolls up the information for multiple projects and presents
it to management.
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Initial analysis of issues and questions
posed by management. A central lead is needed to follow up on issues and
problems that are defined by management and have to be coordinated across
multiple projects.
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Organizing the project files and project
history. This seems like a mundane and routine job, but it is significant.
Project history tends to get lost in the rush of other work. Here the project
coordinator oversees a library of completed projects for future reference.
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Oversight of the lessons learned and
issues databases. These databases have been defined and will be addressed in
more detail later. Obviously, for any database there must be someone who
oversees the quality, completeness, and accuracy of the information.
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Identification of new, potential project
leaders. The project coordinator can help to identify, evaluate, and
recommend candidates for project leaders for international projects.
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Support and mentoring of project leaders
in the field. Project leaders are often on their own. Even with having two
project leaders per project, there are times when some outside help and guidance
can be useful. That is the purpose of this role.